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Abstract
Biomass carbon-based adsorbents can adsorb cadmium (Cd2+) in wastewater. In this study, calcium-modified carbon-based adsorbent (CC-CBA) was prepared using cellulose as the raw material, with CaCl2 and Ca(OH)2 serving as modifiers, followed by low-temperature (300°C) pyrolysis after ball milling. Compared with unmodified and CaCl2 modified adsorbents, CC-CBA had superior adsorption performance, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 93.99mg/g. The adsorption of Cd2+ was predicted using models such as pseudo-first-order kinetics, pseudo-second-order kinetics, Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin. Liquid film diffusion and intra-particle diffusion were the rate-limiting steps in the adsorption process. Physical adsorption, surface complexation and ion exchange were the main adsorption mechanisms. The raw material was extended to wheat straw, activated sludge, and pomelo peel, all of which showed good adsorption performance. This study demonstrated an economical and energy-saving preparation method for biomass carbon-based adsorbents to remove Cd2+.
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