Low-temperature sintering of stereocomplex-type polylactide nascent powder: The role of optical purity in directing the chain interdiffusion and cocrystallization across the particle interfaces

Abstract

Recently, we proposed a novel strategy for fabricating high-performance stereocomplex-type polylactide (SC-PLA) products through low-temperature (180–210 °C, lower than the melting temperature of SC crystallites) sintering from its nascent powder, without serious thermal degradation involved in the conventional melt processing at higher temperatures. During the sintering, some poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) chains from adjacent powdery particles can interdiffuse across the interfaces and subsequently co-crystallize into new SC crystallites capable of welding the interfaces. The interfacial strength is dominated by the content of the newly-formed SC crystallites, however, the fast cocrystallization of PLLA/PDLA chains could hinder their sufficient interdiffusion at the interfaces and thus only limited interface-localized SC crystallites could be formed. In this work, we attempt to substantially promote the chain interdiffusion via depressing the cocrystallization rate. To do this, SC-PLA nascent powders with different optical purities of the lactate units were prepared, and the role of optical purity in directing the chain interdiffusion and cocrystallization has been investigated. Very interestingly, we demonstrate that decreasing optical purity (from 99.5 to 96%) is favorable for the formation of numerous SC crystallites at the interfaces because the lowering of cocrystallization rate enables more PLLA/PDLA chains to interdiffuse sufficiently before their cocrystallization. As a result, SC-PLA products with superior heat resistance have been fabricated by the sintering of low-optical-purity SC-PLA powder. These fascinating findings could not only provide new understanding on the low-temperature sintering mechanism of SC-PLA powders but also greatly expand the possibilities for the fabrication of SC-PLA products with superb properties.