Abstract
Finely dispersed sodium hydroxide, suspended in mineral oil, was used to saponify fatty acids and fats in mineral oil solution. Saponification was carried rapidly to completion at 60 °C. The properties of the resultant soap suspensions in oil are discussed. The degree of saturation of the fatty acids or fats is of importance in the viscosity of the suspension formed. Low molecular weight fatty acids down to acetic were also saponified by this method. Of various fats used, only mutton tallow was completely saponified at low temperature.Finely dispersed calcium hydroxide in mineral oil suspension effects complete saponification of fatty acids in mineral oil solution at a temperature of 50 °C. and of mutton tallow at a somewhat higher temperature. The effect of degree of unsaturation, and the use of other fats are discussed. Small quantities of added water are shown to promote saponification.This saponification procedure was used also to prepare suspensions in oil of the following metal soaps: aluminium, magnesium, barium, lead, lithium. Some properties of the suspensions are described.
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