Abstract
Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells are highly attractive for a wide range of applications, such as bifacial and tandem solar cells; however, the power conversion efficiency of semi-transparent devices still lags behind due to missing suitable transparent rear electrode or deposition process. Here we report a low-temperature process for efficient semi-transparent planar perovskite solar cells. A hybrid thermal evaporation–spin coating technique is developed to allow the introduction of PCBM in regular device configuration, which facilitates the growth of high-quality absorber, resulting in hysteresis-free devices. We employ high-mobility hydrogenated indium oxide as transparent rear electrode by room-temperature radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, yielding a semi-transparent solar cell with steady-state efficiency of 14.2% along with 72% average transmittance in the near-infrared region. With such semi-transparent devices, we show a substantial power enhancement when operating as bifacial solar cell, and in combination with low-bandgap copper indium gallium diselenide we further demonstrate 20.5% efficiency in four-terminal tandem configuration.
Highlights
Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells are highly attractive for a wide range of applications, such as bifacial and tandem solar cells; the power conversion efficiency of semitransparent devices still lags behind due to missing suitable transparent rear electrode or deposition process
The bifacial cell concept has been implemented in various kinds of solar cell technologies[8,9,10,11,12], and up to 50% output power enhancement has been demonstrated in Si wafer bifacial modules by collecting the albedo radiation from surroundings[13]
The state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells[3,18,19,20,21,22] employ high-temperature-processed (B500 °C) TiO2 as electron transporting layer (ETL), which is incompatible with monolithic tandem or flexible solar cells on plastics
Summary
Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells are highly attractive for a wide range of applications, such as bifacial and tandem solar cells; the power conversion efficiency of semitransparent devices still lags behind due to missing suitable transparent rear electrode or deposition process. We employ high-mobility hydrogenated indium oxide as transparent rear electrode by room-temperature radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, yielding a semi-transparent solar cell with steady-state efficiency of 14.2% along with 72% average transmittance in the near-infrared region. With such semi-transparent devices, we show a substantial power enhancement when operating as bifacial solar cell, and in combination with low-bandgap copper indium gallium diselenide we further demonstrate 20.5% efficiency in four-terminal tandem configuration. High-mobility hydrogenated indium oxide (In2O3:H) is employed as transparent rear electrode through a room-temperature radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, which enables a semi-transparent device with steady-state efficiency of 14.2% and 72% average a PCBM ZnO FTO/glass b. Such a device when operated as a bifacial cell yields an additional 13.5% power output improvement, and 20.5% efficiency is demonstrated using perovskite top cell and CIGS bottom cell in four-terminal tandem configuration
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