Low-temperature Magnesiothermic Synthesis of Mesoporous Silicon Carbide from an MCM-48/Polyacrylamide Nanocomposite Precursor

Abstract

Mesoporous silicon carbide with high specific surface area was successfully synthesized from an MCM-48/polyacrylamide nanocomposite precursor in the temperature range of 550–600 °C (below the melting point of Mg) by means of a magnesiothermic reduction process. The MCM-48/polyacrylamide precursor nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ polymerization of acrylamide monomer in the presence of mesoporous MCM-48 synthesized by sol-gel method. The physicochemical properties and microstructures of the nanocomposite precursor and the low-temperature SiC product were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry-thermo gravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption–desorption. TEM micrographs and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) gas adsorption studies showed that the SiC powder was nanocrystalline and had a specific surface area of 330 m2/g and a mesoporosity in the range of 2–10 nm. The presence of an exothermic peak in the DSC trace corresponds to the self-combustion process of the SiC magnesiothermic synthesis. The results also show that the carbon in excess to that required to produce SiC plays a role in the reduction of the SiO2. The mechanism of magnesiothermic synthesis of mesoporous SiC is discussed.