Abstract
Previous studies in the Mexican adult population have suggested a relationship between low levels of serum concentrations of serum vitamin D with impaired glucose tolerance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, regardless of the presence of obesity. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the factors linked to insulin resistance. A total of 533 children and adolescents from the “Reference Values of Body Composition in the Pediatric Population of Mexico City” study are assessed. Body composition, dietary, and lifestyle data are obtained. Serum vitamin D, insulin, and glucose are also measured. Associations are tested using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Approximately 90% of children and adolescents in this study have sub-optimal vitamin D levels (<30 ng/mL). An inverse relationship between insulin resistance and serum vitamin D is observed (OR (odds ratios) = 2.9; 95% CI (95% confidence intervals): 1.1, 7.2; p-trend 0.03). Low serum vitamin D levels are associated with insulin resistance in the pediatric population. The present study provides additional evidence for the role of vitamin D in insulin resistance. Our findings suggest the supplementation of vitamin D may be helpful in preventing insulin resistance and subsequent diabetes.
Highlights
Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally [1]
When we evaluated the association between serum vitamin D concentrations and the presence of IR in children and adolescents from Mexico City, and after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Tanner stage, physical activity, and energy intake, we observed that subjects in the lowest tertile of serum concentrations of vitamin D were likely to have IR (OR = 2.9; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 1.1, 7.2; p-trend 0.030) when compared to subjects in the highest tertile of vitamin D (Table 4)
Low serum vitamin D levels are associated with insulin resistance in the pediatric population
Summary
Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally [1]. Defects in pancreatic β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and systemic inflammation all contribute to the development of diabetes [2]. Insulin resistance (IR) is described as the inadequate response of the skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue to the endogenous insulin secretions. In addition to β-cell dysfunction, IR plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes [3]. Since IR is a risk factor for diabetes, understanding the role of various nutritional and other modifiable risk factors that may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes is essential [2]. In the Mexican adult population, the joint prevalence of 25(OH)D
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