Abstract
It was initially found that neural-restrictive silencer factor/repressor 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is a transcriptional repressor of neuronal genes in nonneuronal cells. However, it is reported to be abundantly expressed in various types of aggressive cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression patterns of REST in renal cell carcinoma and found that its expression is lower in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. The chi-square test showed that the low REST expression was closely related to patients' clinicopathologic parameters, including the pathologic stage and survival status. ROC curve showed that REST had excellent clinical diagnostic prospect. In addition, patients with low REST expression had poor over survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that the low REST expression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma. Gene set enrichment analysis identified P53 pathway, reactive oxygen species pathway, glycolysis, DNA repair, cholesterol homeostasis, and MYC targets V2 enriched with low REST expression phenotype. These results suggested that REST may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma in clinical applications.
Highlights
Renal cell carcinoma (KIRC), a common urinary system tumor, accounts for 2% to 3% of human malignant tumors [1,2,3]
By analyzing the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-KIRC dataset, we observed that repressor 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) was low expressed in KIRC, and its expression gradually decreased with patients’ higher historical level and tumor level
We found that KIRC patients with low REST expression had poor over survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS)
Summary
Renal cell carcinoma (KIRC), a common urinary system tumor, accounts for 2% to 3% of human malignant tumors [1,2,3]. It has been reported that 90 percent of patients had been diagnosed with KIRC [4, 5]. The incidence and case fatality of KIRC are steadily increasing [6, 7]. The significant progress had been made in diagnosis and treatment, the patient’s prognosis is still worse. With the further research in tumor molecular biology, targeted therapy has become a new diagnosis and treatment strategy in current clinical applications [8]. The search for new molecular targets is extremely important for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic monitoring of KIRC
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