Low-protein diet and very low-protein diet in chronic kidney disease and the role of ketoanalogs in disease retardation

Abstract

<br>Overnutrition is associated with impaired renal function. In renal disease, high protein load acutely increases glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in predialysis stage. Excess protein alters hemodynamics and is converted into urea and other nitrogenous wastes which not only accumulate in the body causing uremic syndrome, but also cause a rapid decline of renal function through increased hyperfiltration and intraglomerular hypertension, severity of micro albuminuria and, over the long term, glomerulosclerosis. This article highlights important studies on very low protein diet.<br>