Abstract
A low-profile repeater antenna with parasitic elements for on-on-off WBAN applications is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), two parasitic elements, and a ground plane with a slot. Due to the slot, the impedance matching of the resonance formed by the PIFA is improved, which makes the proposed antenna operate in the 5.8 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. To cover the 5.2 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) band, a dual resonance characteristic is realized by the slot and the two parasitic elements. The first coupling between the PIFA and the slot not only makes the slot operate as a resonator, but also forms secondary coupling between the slot and the two parasitic elements. The two parasitic elements operate as an additional resonator due to secondary coupling. The antenna has the enhanced near surface radiation in the 5.8 GHz ISM band due to addition of the slot and radiation toward off-body direction in the 5.2 GHz WLAN band. In order to evaluate antenna performance considering the human body effect, the antenna characteristics on a human equivalent phantom are analyzed.
Highlights
In recent years, wireless body area network (WBAN) systems, communication systems transmitting or receiving a considerable amount of information near the human body, have been studied for various applications including medical, healthcare, automotive, and military services [1,2,3]
The antenna for WBAN systems should meet specific requirements, such as low-profile, low specific absorption rate (SAR), and stable performance, because the WBAN devices including the antenna are placed around the human body [4]
At 5.18 GHz, the antenna mainly radiates towards the direction which is normal to the phantom surface for on-off body communication
Summary
Wireless body area network (WBAN) systems, communication systems transmitting or receiving a considerable amount of information near the human body, have been studied for various applications including medical, healthcare, automotive, and military services [1,2,3]. To satisfy the previously mentioned features, low-profile repeater antennas for on-on body and on-off body communications are researched [10,11,12] These repeater antennas consist of two radiators and two substrates: a half-circular patch (on-on body) and a slot (onoff body) [10], a long stripline (on-on body) and a patch (on-off body) [11], and a circular patch (on-off body) and a T-shaped patch (on-off body) [12]. These repeater antennas have the largest height due to the two substrates, which is not suitable for on-body applications. The antenna performance is investigated by using a human equivalent phantom to include the effect of the human body
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