Low-profile metamaterial-based T-shaped engraved electrically small antenna design with wideband operating capability for WLAN/5G applications

Abstract

We have proposed the electrically small antenna (ESA) for wireless applications for the frequency band of 3 GHz–7 GHz. This antenna is formed by making a fractal shape on top of a dual-layer PCB structure. The antenna device has a rectangular ground patch at the bottom and a T-shaped engraved antenna structure on top. The proposed antenna is investigated for the different physical parameter conditions and feed position values to generate the optimized results of the antenna structure. This ESA structure offers the −20 dB of the maximum return loss with 697 MHz of the wide bandwidth. It is reported that the feed position values and the structure's bandwidth offer a maximum and minimum of 533 MHz and 697 MHz of the band, respectively. This antenna also provides 92.5% radiation efficiency at resonating points of 3.5 GHz. This antenna is designed and verified with a size of 20 × 20 × 1.6 mm3. This structure fulfills the size reduction form factor with a λ/4 ratio. The proposed structure is also compared with the results of a normal patch antenna to identify the change in return loss. The proposed antenna applies for the globally harmonized 3.33 GHz–3.75 GHz of 5G communication applications. The proposed ESA device and its results can be used for different applications where size reduction is the primary concern of electronic devices.