Abstract
The operation of hollow anodes (HAs) with either multi-arc or magnetron-like or ferroelectric plasma source (FPS) ignition is described. These HA sources produce in the vicinity of the HA output grid a plasma with a density n ≈ 5 × 1012 cm−3 and this plasma acquires a positive potential of several tens of volts. HAs with an incorporated FPS have demonstrated the best operation characteristics and smallest dimensions. Also, the FPS allows us to achieve an HA discharge with a current amplitude I d ≤ 1.2 kA at a gas pressure of about 10−5 Torr. These HA modifications were used as a cathode in a diode powered by a 200 kV, 400 ns pulse. The parameters of the electron beam with an amplitude of 1.5 kA or less are presented. The accelerating pulse causes an increase in the HA plasma potential of up to 6 kV. A model that explains the electron emission from the positively charged plasma is proposed.
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