Abstract
Many studies have investigated the prognostic significance of peripheral blood parameters—including lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR)—in several cancers in recent decades. We evaluated the prognostic factors for five-year tumor recurrence after the transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT). In total, 151 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumors who underwent TURBT under spinal anesthesia were selected for this retrospective analysis. The time to tumor recurrence was determined by the number of days from surgery until there was a pathological confirmation of tumor recurrence. The preoperative and postoperative laboratory values were defined as results within one month prior to and one month after TURBT. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed. Seventy-one patients (47.0%) developed recurrent bladder tumors within five years after the first TURBT surgery. The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that preoperative LMR (hazard ratio, 0.839; 95% confidence interval, 0.739–0.952; p = 0.006) and multiple tumor sites (hazard ratio, 2.072; 95% confidence interval, 1.243–3.453; p = 0.005) were independent recurrence predictors in patients with recurrent bladder tumors within five years after the TURBT. A low preoperative LMR is an important predictor for the recurrence of a bladder tumor during a five-year follow-up period after surgery.
Highlights
A bladder tumor is among the top 10 most common tumors for both genders; in 2018, there were 549,000 newly diagnosed cases and 200,000 deaths worldwide [1]
Many studies have investigated the prognostic significance of peripheral blood parameters in several tumors in recent decades
Our data revealed that preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and multiple tumor sites are valuable for predicting five-year tumor recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT)
Summary
A bladder tumor is among the top 10 most common tumors for both genders; in 2018, there were 549,000 newly diagnosed cases and 200,000 deaths worldwide [1]. Almost threequarters of all bladder tumors are non-muscle invasive bladder cancers; this tumor is well-known for its wide range of tumor biology and heterogeneity. These heterogeneities of non-muscle invasive bladder tumors contribute to a high recurrence rate and expensive economic burden for patients [2]. It is important to evaluate prognostic factors and prevent bladder tumor recurrence. Many studies have investigated the prognostic significance of peripheral blood parameters in several tumors in recent decades. They revealed that the inflammatory response is a determining factor of tumor progression and recurrence [2].
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