Low power-consumption CO gas sensors based on Au-functionalized SnO2-ZnO core-shell nanowires

Abstract

We report a novel self-heated CO gas sensor based on Au-functionalized networked SnO2-ZnO core-shell nanowires. Increasing the applied voltage particularly enhanced the sensing response due to the self-heating effect within the sensor, and the sensors exhibited good performance without the need for an external heater. The power consumption at 3 and 20 V was estimated to be 11.3 nW and 8.3 μW, respectively. In a sensor with the optimal ZnO shell thickness of 80 nm, the responses for 50 ppm CO were 1.17 and 1.62 at 3 and 20 V, respectively. Also, the important role of ZnO-ZnO homojunctions in the self-heating of the sensor was demonstrated by increasing the ZnO shell thickness, which led to an increase in the sensor response. Furthermore, the optimized sensor exhibited outstanding selectivity toward CO gas. The optimized ZnO shell, the catalytic effect of Au, and the Joule effect contributed to the good, selective response toward CO gas with low power consumption. Since low power consumption is a fundamental requirement for wireless sensors and sensor arrays, this sensor with very low power consumption is a promising choice for such applications.