Low phase angle: A predictor of functional status and discharge disposition in acute stroke older patients

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of low phase angle (PhA) on functional status and discharge disposition during the acute phase in older patients with acute stroke. We included consecutive patients who experienced acute stroke between October 2021 and December 2022. The exclusion criteria included: age<65 years, admission from other than home, death during hospitalization, inability to measure bioelectrical impedance analysis owing to implantation, and missing data. We defined low PhA (<5.28° for male and <4.62° for female) and categorized them into the low PhA group and normal group. The clinical outcomes were functional independence by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score (0-2, independence; 3-5, nonindependence) and discharge disposition (home or others). We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of low PhA on the mRS score at discharge and discharge disposition. Ultimately, a total of 205 patients were included in this analysis. More patients in the low PhA group were unable to be independent (27.7% vs. 66.7%, P<0.001) and were unable to be discharged home (53.4% vs. 82.5%, P<0.001) than in the normal group. Logistic regression analysis of the mRS scores showed that baseline low PhA decreased the likelihood of functional independence (odds ratio [OR]=0.275, P=0.003) and home discharge (OR=0.378, P=0.044). Low PhA is a risk factor for low functional status at hospital discharge; it decreases the likelihood of home discharge in older patients with acute stroke.