Abstract
Mobile Opportunistic Networks (OppNets) are infrastructure-less networks consisting of wireless mobile nodes and have been a focus of research for years. OppNets can be scaled up to support rapid growth of wireless devices and technologies, especially smartphones and tablets. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), one of OppNets technologies, have a high potential to be used for facilitating an extension for the Internet and a backup communication platform in disaster situation. However, a connection disruption due to node mobility and unreliable wireless links is possible to trigger a flooding operation of route repair process. This results in transmission delay and packet loss. The flooding of routing packets is an expensive operation cost in MANETs which affects network reliability and wastes limited resources such as network bandwidth and node energy. These are obstacles to practical implementation of MANETs in real-world environment. In this paper, we propose Low Overhead Localized Flooding (LOLF), an efficient overhead reduction routing extension based on Query Localization (QL) routing protocol. The purpose of this work is to control the propagation of routing packets in the route discovery and route repair mechanisms while incurring only a small increase in the size of control information in the packet. Simulation results from extensive experiments show that our proposed method can reduce overall routing overhead, energy consumption, and end-to-end delay without sacrificing the packet delivery ratio compared to existing protocols.
Highlights
Mobile Opportunistic Networks (OppNets) [1] are networking technologies which are highly discussed by researchers and being interested in industries
In Localized Flooding (LOLF), the request zone includes all nodes located in the transmission radius of the upstream node of the broken link and all relay nodes along the previously broken route to the destination, excluding the area which is covered by the Backward Zone Advertisement (BZA) packet
In an era of rapid increase in the number of smartphone users, Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) is an interesting opportunistic networking technology which can be applied for facilitating an extension for the Internet as well as backup communication system
Summary
Mobile Opportunistic Networks (OppNets) [1] are networking technologies which are highly discussed by researchers and being interested in industries. In DTNs with Epidemic Routing [13], a small initial TTL is calculated to limit flooding scope of data packets. An initial TTL of RREQ packet is set to a small value at the first route discovery. If fails, it will be conditionally increased for attempt. Erefore, in Query Localization, the routing packets are flooded on the basis of the most recently broken path Based on this idea, Query Localization does not require a complex calculation. We propose Low Overhead Localized Flooding (LOLF) protocol, an extension to enhance the route discovery and the route repair mechanisms of the Query Localization technique.
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