Abstract
Studies on extended beta lactamase producing, biofilm forming clinical bacterial pathogens and its invitro inhibition by Actinobacterial extractsHemachandran. K., S. Bharathi, M. Radhakrishnan, R. Balagurunathan
Highlights
The class of Actinobacteria is a very large and diverse group of gram positive bacteria having high G and C content and producing variety of morphologies, which is start from small cocci to branched mycelia (Ventura et al, 2007)
MSH is known as mycothiol and comprised of a cysteine residue with an acetylated amino group which is linked to glucosamine to inositol but Glutathione (GSH) having gamma peptide linkage between cysteine group which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain
These thiols play a key role in maintaining a reducing environment in the cell, which is necessary for regular metabolic activities and represent adaptation under stress condition for survival of organisms. Both Mycothiol and glutathione (GSH) having property to protect cells against oxygen toxicity but MSH shows 7 fold slower ability to resistance of autoxidation compare to GSH but GSH is absent in archaebacterium and rarely found in Streptomycetes strains (Streptomyces lactamdurans)
Summary
The class of Actinobacteria is a very large and diverse group of gram positive bacteria having high G and C content and producing variety of morphologies, which is start from small cocci to branched mycelia (Ventura et al, 2007). Actinobacteria found in a wide range of ecosystems, from soil and sea water, skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract of humans. They are responsible for the production of commercial products, including amino acid, vitamins and antibiotics (Kalinowski et al, 2003; Weber et al, 2003). Most of the Actinobacteria are produced Mycothiol (MSH) which is a small thiol that is often present in millimolar amounts and have analogous function to glutathione (GSH), which play a major role in protecting cells against oxygen toxicity, but its production among prokaryotes appears to be restricted to the cyanobacteria and the purple bacteria. Many strictly aerobic bacterial species have lack glutathione and produce other low-molecular-weight thiols which have analogous role of GSH. We about low molecular weight thiols and its properties of antioxidant activity to protect the cell and primary role of mycothiol is to maintain the intracellular redox homeostasis which acts as an electron acceptor/donor and serves as a cofactor in detoxification reactions for alkylating agents, free radicals and xenobiotics (Rawat et al, 2006)
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