Abstract
A modal description of the propagation of transient signals in deep ocean environments is considered. The environment is assumed to consist of a range‐independent background sound channel with a single sound speed minimum on which a structured range‐dependent perturbation, due, for example, to internal waves, is superimposed. Mode coupling in such environments is predominantly local in mode number, leading, to an excellent approximation, to the diffusive spreading of energy in mode number with increasing range. Because mode number is non‐negative, however, the simple diffusive spreading of energy in mode number requires modification for low mode numbers (corresponding to the near axial sound energy). Simulations of distributions of energy in (low) mode number and time are presented and compared to estimates based on the theoretical work of Virovlyansky et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121, 2542–2552 (2007)]. The results presented are relevant to the analysis of measurements made during the recent long‐range acoustic propagation experiment. [Work supported by ONR.]
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