Abstract
This paper report on a low-loss, broadband, and tunable negative refractive index metamaterial (NRIM) consisting of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) slabs and printed circuit boards (PCBs). The YIG slabs under an applied magnetic field provide a negative permeability and the PCBs provide a negative permittivity. The substrates of the PCBs decuple the interactions between the YIG slabs and wire array deposed on such substrates. The effective electromagnetic parameters of the NRIM and the conditions of exhibiting the negative refractive index character are analyzed theoretically. Then the negative transmission and negative refraction characters are investigated numerically and experimentally. The results indicate that the NRIM exhibits negative pass band within the X-band with a bandwidth of about 1 GHz and a peak transmission power of about - 2.5 dB. While changing the applied magnetic field from 2300 Oe to 2700 Oe, the measured pass band of NRIM shift from 8.42 GHz to 9.50 GHz with a 2.7 MHz/Oe step. The results open a sample way to fabricate the NRIM, further, the metamaterial cloak and absorber.
Highlights
This paper report on a low-loss, broadband, and tunable negative refractive index metamaterial (NRIM) consisting of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) slabs and printed circuit boards (PCBs)
Since the negative refractive index metamaterial (NRIM) predicted by Veselago [1] was experimentally realized by Smith et al [2] and verified by Shelby et al [3] through negative refraction in a prism sample, much attention has been attracted on designing various NRIMs [4,5,6,7,8,9] and investigating applications [10,11]
A low-loss, broadband, and tunable negative refractive index metamaterial consisting of YIG slabs and PCBs is designed and fabricated
Summary
Since the negative refractive index metamaterial (NRIM) predicted by Veselago [1] was experimentally realized by Smith et al [2] and verified by Shelby et al [3] through negative refraction in a prism sample, much attention has been attracted on designing various NRIMs [4,5,6,7,8,9] and investigating applications [10,11]. Most NRIMs proposed to date are based on immutable structure of the unit cell and result in a narrow band and not at all tunable. Cao et al numerically investigated the electromagnetic wave propagation properties of the NRIM [19]. Such model cannot be fabricated in . Zhao et al and He et al fabricated the NRIM sample and investigated experimentally the negative transmission and tunability characters [21,22]. These authors mentioned above did not directly measure the refraction index character. Since the loss is a serious problem when the NRIM is used in engineering areas, we need to determine ways to reduce it, especially at high frequencies
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