Abstract
Background: The widespread use of lead and elevated risk of lead exposure in South African children justifies a need for high levels of awareness of the sources, exposure pathways, and measures to reduce this risk in children. This study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge of lead hazards among pregnant women in an area where children had already been established to be at a high risk of lead exposure and poisoning. Methods: Following informed consent, a structured questionnaire was administered to 119 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic services at Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, west of central Johannesburg. Questions were asked about social, demographic and residential characteristics, as well as knowledge, perceptions, behaviours and practices in relation to child lead hazards. Conclusion: Overall awareness of the dangers of lead in pregnancy was low (11%). Amongst those who had heard of it, only 15% thought that lead could cause detrimental health effects. A consequence of this low level of awareness of lead hazards is a high potential for the participants and their children to unwittingly be exposed to environmental lead from various sources, thereby undermining preventative approaches.
Highlights
Lead is a toxic metal that is used in a wide range of products on a daily basis
The study results indicated the potential for the participants and their children to be exposed to other sources of lead in the home environment, such as peeling lead-based paint, and living in old and dilapidated housing
This study has shown that despite the overwhelming presence of lead contamination, levels of knowledge of lead hazards are low, even in communities who have previously been established to be at risk of lead exposure [25]
Summary
Lead is a toxic metal that is used in a wide range of products on a daily basis. Its widespread use has caused lead to be a global environmental contaminant, especially in urban areas [1]. The widespread use of lead and elevated risk of lead exposure in. South African children justifies a need for high levels of awareness of the sources, exposure pathways, and measures to reduce this risk in children. This study aimed to determine the levels of knowledge of lead hazards among pregnant women in an area where children had already been established to be at a high risk of lead exposure and poisoning. Conclusion: Overall awareness of the dangers of lead in pregnancy was low (11%) Amongst those who had heard of it, only 15% thought that lead could cause detrimental health effects. A consequence of this low level of awareness of lead hazards is a high potential for the participants and their children to unwittingly be exposed to environmental lead from various sources, thereby undermining preventative approaches
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