Low-frequency oscillations damping with doubly-fed induction generators embodying grid-forming control with hardware-in-the-loop simulation

Abstract

The integration of wind power generation into modern power systems necessitates the development of advanced control strategies to enhance grid stability and reliability. Among these strategies, grid-forming control has emerged as a promising solution, enabling converter-interfaced generation technologies to provide services traditionally supplied by conventional generation. This paper specifically addresses the challenge of low-frequency oscillations damping in power systems incorporating Doubly-Fed Induction Generators embodying grid-forming control. In this paper, two low-frequency oscillations damping strategies are proposed and tested, designed to complement a doubly-fed induction generator grid-forming control strategy. The first, called POD-Q, uses reactive power; while the second, POD-P, acts on the active power injection. Both strategies are analyzed through small-signal stability analysis and experimental testing. For the small-signal stability analysis, a dynamic model of a conventional system with a certain penetration of doubly-fed induction generation has been employed. Experimental results are obtained within a real-time simulation environment, using the hardware-in-the-loop technique to communicate a real controller board with the real-time simulator. The results indicate that the POD-P strategy is more efficient in low-frequency oscillations damping compared to a synchronous generator with a conventional power system stabilizer and also in comparison to the POD-Q strategy. However, both proposed strategies have demonstrated improvements in low-frequency oscillations damping.