Low environmental impact construction: fragilities and potentialities of hyperadobe as a solution for the Brazilian housing deficit

Renata Do Carmo Mota Alves,Maria Gabriela Araújo Ranieri,Patrícia Capellato,Daniele Ornaghi Sant'Anna

doi:10.18540/revesvl4iss1pp14001-14015

Renata Do Carmo Mota Alves, Maria Gabriela Araújo Ranieri + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.18540/revesvl4iss1pp14001-14015

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Abstract

In the last five years, Brazil faces a housing deficit of around 6 million domiciles, while the contradictory 7 million unoccupied buildings. So far, neither the government nor the civil construction sector could resolve the issue, which is part of a graver picture with the environmental issues. Researches have been looking for a solution and the hyperadobe system, as a bagged earth construction system, presents many advantages for social interest constructions. Thus, the focus of this study is the fragilities and potentialities of hyperadobe's application in the national scenario, meaning to show it as a possible vector to solve the problem. Through the bibliographic review, it is concluded that the studied technology presents particularly advantageous characteristics to face the problem such as the low costs, the fast execution, the easy workforce training, and the high environmental performance in thermal and acoustical comfort. Therefore, is defended that the introduction of hyperadobe on the public policies on facing the housing deficit would be of great value, working on the difficulties that the system faces nowadays.

Highlights

This paper aims to answer the following question: what are the weaknesses and potential of using hyperadobe as a solution vector for the Brazilian housing deficit? To this end, the argument is constructed through a analysis of the contemporary housing situation in the country, as well as a reflection on the advantages of the constructive technique and its implementation and application challenges
According to the Fundação João Pinheiro (2018), the housing stock is directly linked to the concept of housing deficit, it can be understood as a deficit due to the replenishment of stock and deficit due to stock increase
Of the 6,355 million households estimated to be in deficit in Brazil, in 2015, 87,7% are located in urban areas, and 12,3% in rural areas, but this proportion of distribution differs in each region of the country (Fundação João Pinheiro, 2018), as seen in Graph 1

Summary

Introduction

The almost hegemonic view of the concept of development as economic growth, which has prevailed for decades in the bases of our society during the ascent of capitalism, resulted in radical transformations in the way the world produces and consumer goods and services, as well as the way there are 'defined' and 'sold' the standards of what is in the interests of production and consumption.The changes in the feedstock, the production model, and the use of the final product made possible by the dominion of more sophisticated knowledge and technologies, radically marked the civil construction sector, as well as practically all sectors of human activity.despite all the advances in modernization, the production of new buildings has not been distributed, and the housing deficit is yet another merciless social problem in the contemporary societies. The same report points to the contradiction between the lack of households and the fact that, according to PNAD, there are 7,906 million vacant properties, of which 6,893 million are in conditions to be occupied (FUNDAÇÃO JOÃO PINHEIRO, 2018). Such a contradictory scenario is due, in large part, to local market effects such as real estate speculation, and is an important component that lay the foundation of Brazilian social exclusion, which is historical and ascendant since the nation's origin (RAMOS; NOIA, 2016)

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