Abstract
This paper presents data on the composition of the low-enthalpy thermal waters from the unique Khoja-Obi-Garm field located at the central part of the southern slope of the Gissar Range, in the gorge of the Khoja-Obi-Garm River, at an altitude of 1740-1960 meters. In this place, the eponymous SPA-center was built. Groundwaters from springs and boreholes of Khoja-Obi-Garm SPA has temperatures from 57 to 93°C, high pH (up to 8) and low TDS (less than 0.5 g/l). The estimated subsurface temperatures for the same thermal waters vary from 140°C to 156°C and 193-197°C based on the silica and K/Na geothermometer temperatures consequently. These waters belong to Na–SO4–HCO3 type with high content of H2SiO3 (~140 mg/l), F (up to 18 mg/l) and Rn (up to 814 Bq/l). Thermodynamic speciation indicated that these groundwaters are supersaturated with clay minerals and low-temperature zeolites and undersaturated with carbonate and main alumosilicate minerals.
Highlights
Over 125 deposits of mineral waters with different chemical composition are found on the territory of Tajikistan [1]
Khoja-Obi-Garm thermal waters belong to chloride-sulfatesodium bicarbonate siliceous type of mineral waters
The low mineralization of the thermal waters indicates that the leaching processes of igneous aluminosilicate rocks, even at such a high temperatures (> 100°C), are very limited and slowed down, and cannot give any significant enrichment with various components
Summary
Over 125 deposits of mineral waters with different chemical composition are found on the territory of Tajikistan [1]. The most valuable natural medical resources were established as a result of geological exploration work for the detection of mineral waters, in complex surveys of resort areas, in collection and systematization of data from long-term observations of changes of composition of mineral waters. The main balneological indicators of the curative significance of mineral waters are: 1) temperature; 2) the presence of dissolved and free gases; 3) content of specific elements; 4) radioactivity. These waters can be divided into eponymous groups of mineral waters. The temperature of 20 °C is a conventional boundary between cold (less mobile) and thermal (more mobile) waters, because at this temperature the viscosity of water, which determines its mobility, is 1 cis (1*10-3 Pa*s)
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