Abstract
A scalar field having the Coleman-Weinberg type effective potential arises in various contexts of particle physics and serves as a useful framework for discussing cosmic inflation. According to recent studies based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis, the coefficients of such an effective potential are severely constrained by the cosmological data. We investigate the impact of this observation on the physics beyond the Standard Model, focusing on an inflationary model based on the $U(1)_X$-extended Standard Model as a well-motivated example. We examine the parameter region that is not excluded by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Run-2 at 139 fb${}^{-1}$ integrated luminosity, and show that the model parameters can be further constrained by the High-Luminosity LHC experiments in the near future. We also comment on the possible reheating mechanism and the dark matter candidates of this scenario.
Highlights
Cosmic inflation was originally proposed in the context of grand unified theories (GUTs) [1,2,3] and gravitational effective theories [4,5]
As the simple models based on the GUT scenario turned out to be unsuccessful, and as the quantum generation mechanism of the primordial fluctuations seeding the large scale structure of the Universe was found to be enormously successful, inflationary cosmology has become a major paradigm of modern physics in its own right, not necessarily associated with its particle physics origin
With the rapidly growing data from cosmological precision measurements and collider experiments, the time may be ripe for discussing a coherent picture of the early Universe based on particle physics
Summary
Cosmic inflation was originally proposed in the context of grand unified theories (GUTs) [1,2,3] and gravitational effective theories [4,5]. Taking the nonminimal coupling into account, it is known that the inflationary model with the ColemanWeinberg effective potential (1) assumed in the Jordan frame gives the spectrum of the CMB consistent with the present observations within 1-σ [10]. It has been pointed out recently [11] that the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis constrains the coefficient b to be positive definite by more than 3-σ. We discuss the implication of nonzero b in a simple particle physics model beyond the Standard Model, namely the Uð1ÞX-extended Standard Model It is shown, by a straightforward renormalization.
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