Abstract
The effect of dietary fats on the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity of circulating blood mononuclear cells was investigated in 11 healthy women who consumed a 6-week normocaloric diet consisting of 54% of the calories as carbohydrate, 16% as protein, and 30% as fat. The tested fats were successively low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and milk fats (butter and cream). Changes in total cholesterol levels according to the fat reflected changes in LDL-cholesterol but not in high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. This effect was accompanied by modifications of the LDL receptor activity in freshly isolated blood mononuclear cells, quantified as the amount of [125I]LDL associated with cells: a negative correlation existed between total or LDL-cholesterol levels in plasma and LDL receptor activity (r=-0.35, p<0.05). Moreover, LDL receptor activity of cells was related to the daily intake of saturated fatty acids, particularly C16:0+C18:0. We conclude that a possible mechanism is a modification in the rate of endocytosis of LDL receptor due to changes in the membrane fluidity according to the dietary fat.
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