Abstract
To improve the economic benefits of power systems in the process of achieving multi-energy complementation and decarbonization, this paper proposes a dispatching optimization model for virtual power plants (VPP) that considers carbon trading and green certificates. Firstly, the structure of the VPP system integrating wind and solar generators (WP and PV), power-to-gas (P2G), carbon capture power plants (CCPP) and price-based demand response (PBDR) is established. Secondly, the two-way interactive trading models among the VPP, carbon trading and green certification market are constructed. Then, the dispatching optimization model of the VPP is constructed. Finally, the numerical example is solved and analyzed by the chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm, which verifies the rationality and effectiveness of the new model. The results show that: (1) when the VPP considers the CCPP-P2G, the cost of the system is reduced by USD 2550.48, while the CO2 emissions are reduced by nearly 50%; (2) the addition of PBDR reduces the CO2 emissions of the thermal power unit, which has reduced the cost of carbon tax by nearly 27.8%, further reducing the cost of the VPP; (3) the introduction of the carbon trading and green certificate market has reduced the operating cost of the VPP by nearly 22.24%.
Highlights
The consumption of fossil energy produces a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, which promotes global warming and triggers frequent severe weather
Comparing Scenario 4 and Scenario 3, carbon emissions are reduced by 2 t, and the net cost is reduced by USD 350.95, which once again proves the role of price-based demand response (PBDR)
On the premise of promoting the decarbonization of the power system, ensuring the effective consumption of renewable energy and improving the utilization efficiency of renewable energy, achieving the economic operation of the system is the main goal of virtual power plants (VPP) dispatching optimization
Summary
The consumption of fossil energy produces a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, which promotes global warming and triggers frequent severe weather. We can find that: (1) most scholars regarded CCS and P2G technologies as separate strategies for emission reduction and renewable energy consumption, and yet they failed to construct a CCS-P2G-integrated energy system and conduct research on their coupling effects; (2) the research on the optimal dispatch of VPP ignores the optimization effect of PBDR, and the volatility and randomness of wind and solar energy still cannot be eliminated, which affects the operating and environmental benefits of the system; (3) under the carbon quota and renewable energy consumption guarantee mechanism, the VPP lacks consideration of renewable consumption rights and neglects the role of the carbon trading market and the green certificate market in improving the economic efficiency of the system. While achieving the goal of minimizing net costs, the emissions of CO2 and the consumption of renewable energy are controlled
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