Abstract

IntroductionLow birthweight (LBW) is a significant public health issue, and maternal smoking is the most prevalent preventable cause of LBW. But there is limited evidence on association of LBW among children and cigarette smoke exposure in mothers in China. In this cross-sectional study, we try to explore if the LBW in children is positively associated with mothers’ prenatal cigarette smoke exposure.MethodsWe selected 8, 586 mothers and their singleton children in 2018 in Songjiang district, Shanghai. Birthweight of children and gestational weeks of mother was identified by birth records in the hospital, we classified mothers’ prenatal cigarette smoke status into the first-hand smoke (FHS) exposure and the second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure. We use SAS 9.1.3 software to calculate the prevalence of children’s LBW and the prevalence of mothers’ prenatal cigarette smoke exposure including FHS and SHS. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the difference.ResultsIn 8, 586 women, The prenatal FHS and SHS exposure prevalence was 0.9 and 20.8%, respectively. The mean birthweight of children was 3315.5 g with a standard deviation of 497.2 g, the mean birthweight was 167.7 g and 66.1 g lower in children born to mothers with prenatally FHS and SHS exposure compared with those children whose mother were not exposed, respectively. The children’s LBW prevalence was 4.7% in this study. By comparing with children whose mother were not exposed, the LBW prevalence was higher among children whose mother were prenatally exposed to FHS [OR (Odds Ratios) = 2.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.49, 5.68)], and SHS [OR = 2.35, 95% CI (1.90, 2.89)].ConclusionsChildren’s LBW is positively associated with mothers’ prenatal tobacco smoke exposure both for FHS and SHS. So implementing tobacco control measures is crucial to lower smoking prevalence among women, and decrease smoking prevalence of their family members as well as work fellows.

Highlights

  • Low birthweight (LBW) is a significant public health issue, and maternal smoking is the most prevalent preventable cause of LBW

  • 61.5% of mothers had a normal body weight, 17.4% of them were overweight or obesity. 6.2% of mothers were diagnosed as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnancy

  • The prenatal first-hand smoke (FHS) exposure prevalence among mothers of local residents (1.2%) was significantly higher than mother of no-local residents (0.6%), and the prevalence of prenatal FHS exposure was higher in mother with GDM (1.9%) than mothers without (0.9%)

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Summary

Introduction

Low birthweight (LBW) is a significant public health issue, and maternal smoking is the most prevalent preventable cause of LBW. There is limited evidence on association of LBW among children and cigarette smoke exposure in mothers in China. The birthweight less than 2500 g is defined as Low birthweight (LBW), LBW continues to be a significant global public health issue [1]. Four million newborns die within the first 4 weeks of life each year and low birthweight is a significant indirect cause of these deaths [3, 4]. Low birth weight has been associated with a variety of psychiatric outcomes and cognitive disorders in children, including internalizing, attention and social problems, speech and language, and learning disabilities [7, 8]. Strategies to reduce the frequency of low birthweight could have a measurable impact on the future health condition of children

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