Abstract
Lovastatin is an inhibitor of hydroxymethyl glutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol and isoprenoid synthesis. Owing to their ability to lower cholesterol plasma levels, lovastatin and other statins are used successfully in patients with hypercholesterolemia. It also has been noted that lovastatin is able to cause a block/retardation of the cell cycle in G1 and G2/M phases, accompanied by the upregulation of p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. These and other side effects were attributed to the inhibition of isoprenylation of key signal-transduction proteins (e.g. Ras, Rap, Rho, etc.).
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