Abstract
The interaction effect of the fundamental mode in a special photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a thin-film absorbing coating deposited on a surface of a fiber cladding on the optical transmission of the PCF is theoretically studied. It is shown that the transmission has a multi-peak spectrum that is determined by the resonance capture of the fundamental PCF mode energy by the coating. In some cases, this capture is explained by a resonance coupling between the fundamental core mode and leaky modes of the coating, or between the fundamental PCF mode and cladding modes located between PCF air channels and the coating. Examples are presented of using this effect to develop fiber-optic sensors of refractive index or pressure, and to sense a nanoscale adsorption layer of ammonia molecules deposited on a coating surface contacting air.
Highlights
Fiber-optic physical and chemical sensors using lossy mode resonance (LMR) have been intensively investigated [1, 2]
We have theoretically investigated the LMR that was generated by the use of special single-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with absorbing thin-film coatings of different thickness and refraction
This LMR has been explained as a result of coupling between fundamental leaky modes of the PCF core and coating
Summary
Fiber-optic physical and chemical sensors using lossy mode resonance (LMR) have been intensively investigated [1, 2]. LMR will suffer a variation if either a variation in the properties of the LMR support film (either refractive index or thickness) or changes in the optical properties of the surrounding media occur. These variations result in a detectable modulation of the fiber transmission spectrum, which is a sensory effect. In most cases, such devices use standard optical fibers, in which mode propagation constants exceed the refractive index of the cladding.
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