Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) are a feasible alternative to traditional automobiles because of their silent operation and low emissions. Energy optimisation in EVs powered by induction motor (IM) drive is essential for lowering battery current. A loss model-based controller (LMC) is a popular approach that quickly converges to an optimum solution. Some LMC approximations, such as ignoring leakage inductances and iron loss, adversely influence IM drive performance in loss reduction. This work proposes an improved LMC in conjunction with direct torque control (DTC) to address the issue. Here, a parameter-free optimisation algorithm known as the teamwork optimisation algorithm (TOA) is used to select the optimum stator flux for improving IM efficiency. The algorithm is validated using realistic EV data and tested with standard drive cycles. The results demonstrate the improvement in efficiency and the reduction in torque ripple.
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