Abstract

El artículo revisa las implicaciones teóricas y empíricas en torno al concepto de Estado fallido, examinando su relación con los postulados propuestos por la geopolítica, tanto clásica como crítica. A partir de la primera se revisan elementos tradicionales como Estado, territorio y recursos, y se analiza cómo estos convergen en la configuración y valoración de un Estado fallido. A partir de la segunda, se interpreta cómo la falla o muerte de un Estado no es un proceso simple, sino que se deben tener en cuenta elementos como la identidad y la cultura. De igual forma, se expone cómo el discurso, al ser un elemento esencial de la geopolítica crítica, cumple un rol central en el proceso de categorización de este tipo de Estados. Se concluye que un análisis holístico del fenómeno de los Estados fallidos podría contribuir a su mejor comprensión
 Abstract
 This article revises the theoretical and empirical implications regarding the concept of failed state, examining its relationship with the postulates proposed by classic as well as critical geopolitics. From classical geopolitics traditional elements such as State, territory and resources are revised, and the way they converge in the configuration and valuation of a failed State. From critical geopolitics, the failure or death of a state is not a simple process, but elements such as identity and culture should be taken into account. In the same way, the discourse, being an essential element in critical geopolitics, plays a central role in the process of categorization of this type of State. In conclusion: a holistic analysis of the phenomenon of failed States could contribute to a better understanding of it.

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