Lorentz en Einstein. ‘U hier als opvolger te begroeten is een wens die ik lang gekoesterd heb’

Abstract

Lorentz and Einstein This paper discusses the special connection between Lorentz and Einstein, and especially Lorentz’ wish to be succeeded by Einstein on his Leiden chair of physics. The relation between the two scholars is one of great mutual respect, which can be illustrated in many ways. After an introduction to illustrate their strikingly different early careers, their interests in early quantum problems and relativity are sketched. These originate from a shared interest in the problems that arose in the electromagnetic theory around 1900. Lorentz’ electron theory, which then counted as the standard electromagnetic theory, had to cope with new fundamental questions. The focus is then shifted to Lorentz’ wish to get Einstein a chair in theoretical physics in The Netherlands. Two attempts in the years 1911–1912 failed, but Lorentz finally succeeded in 1920. Furthermore, this article describes how the first Solvay Council acted as a remarkable catalyst for the changes in the careers of Lorentz, Einstein and Ehrenfest in 1912.