Lorentz-Augmented Jovian Orbit Insertion

Abstract

The Lorentz force acting on a statically charged body moving with respect to a rotating magnetic field is evaluated as a means of capture into a Jovian orbit. This study offers insight into the classes of captures available as a function of the spacecraft's charge-to-mass ratio and approach conditions. A range of these parameters is simulated using low-order magnetosphere and gravity models and a bang-off controller. The results suggest that charge-to-mass ratios on the order of 0.1 C/kg are required to capture a spacecraft with a hyperbolic equatorial approach to an orbit similar to that of Jupiter's moon Europa. The Lorentz-augmented-orbit architecture is related to a similar technology: electrodynamic tethers. Using a high-order magnetic field and gravity model, we recreate a sample electrodynamic-tether Jovian capture mission using Lorentz-augmented orbits with a charge-to-mass ratio of 0.0975 C/kg over 2.5 years. We conclude that Lorentz-augmented-orbit maneuvers are capable of reducing a spacecraft's energy and eccentricity into a bounded circular Jovian orbit for typical mission requirements. A simple feasibility study suggests that Lorentz-augmented-orbit spacecraft designs capable of Jovian orbit insertion are challenging, but likely possible.