Abstract
The loosening of a bolt-nut connection induced by a tangential load applied to a clamped plate is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The results obtained are as follows : 1. A driving torsional torque is induced on the bearing surface of the bolt head by slip of the bolt head on the fixed plate. 2. The above torsional torque is either in the tightening or loosening direction of the bolt according to the distribution of loads on the bearing surface of the bolt head. 3. If the resisting frictional torque on the screw thread part of the bolt in the mating nut is overcome by the above torsional torque, rotation of the bolt is caused in the nut which remains fixed on the clamped plate. The rotation of the bolt is either in the tightening or loosening direction depending on the direction of the above torsional torque. If the total sum of loosening rotation is greater than that of tightening, then the result is the loosening of the bolt. 4. The above torsional torque and the resisting frictional torque are much smaller than those expected from the coefficient of sliding friction.
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