Abstract
Loop-induced $ZZ$ production can be enhanced by the large gluon flux at the LHC, and thus should be taken into account in relevant experimental analyses. We present for the first time the results of a fully exclusive simulation based on the matrix elements for loop-induced $ZZ + 0,1,2$-parton processes at leading order, matched to parton showers. The new description is studied and validated by comparing it with well-established simulation with jets from parton showers. We find that the matched simulation provides a state-of-the-art description of the final state jets. We also briefly discuss the physics impact on vector boson scattering (VBS) measurements at the LHC, where event yields are found to be smaller by about 40% in a VBS $ZZjj$ baseline search region, compared to previous simulations. We hence advocate relevant analyses to employ a more accurate jet description for the modeling of the loop-induced process.
Highlights
Pair production of Z bosons is an important background for Higgs boson production or new physics searches at the CERN LHC
We present for the first time the results of a fully exclusive simulation based on the matrix elements for loop-induced ZZ þ 0, 1, 2-parton processes at leading order, matched to parton showers
We present here the results of a fully exclusive simulation of gluon-mediated Z pair production based on the matrix elements for loop-induced ZZ þ 0, 1, 2 parton(s) at leading order (LO) matched to parton showers, where gg, qg, andquark-(anti)quark ðqqÞ partonic initial states are all included
Summary
The loop-induced gluon-fusion process gg → ZZ [1] contributes formally only at the next-to-nextto-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) It can get enhanced by the large gluon flux at the LHC, and should be taken into account in relevant experimental analyses, including, for example, Higgs boson related measurements using the ZZ decay channel, both in the on-shell [2,3] and off-shell regions [4,5], tests of the standard model through diboson inclusive production [6,7] and vector-boson scattering (VBS) [8,9], as well as searches for new physics in various forms of heavy resonances [10,11].
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