Abstract
The increase in antibacterial resistance (ABR) currently equates in the minds of many with the distant fear that certain antibiotics will not work in 30 years on certain bacteria found in places the majority of us never go to. However, in reality, rising ABR already seriously threatens the effectiveness of compounds with which we treat common bacterial infections, which means that ABR is currently and will continue to undermine the foundations of modern medicine, including surgery and cancer treatment in hospitals, cities and countries across the world. That is why ABR is widely considered a global threat and one of the biggest problems of our current civilization. Conversely, antibiotic developments to market are few. Therefore, in this paper, we have illustrated the barriers to antimicrobial R&D the following questions and provided solutions to effective antimicrobial R&D.
Highlights
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the natural selection of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, which is able to resist antimicrobial substances normally active against them, is one of the greatest threats of the 21st century
While resistance to antimalarials and antivirals is already a significant issue worldwide [1,2], by far the biggest issue currently is antibacterial resistance (ABR). This is due to a number of contributing factors, including the increased number of bacterial infections we are able to diagnose, how cost-effective most antibiotics are and how extensively they are used in most areas of medicine
As pharmaceutical companies previously dedicated to ABR research closed their antibacterial departments, the scientific experts involved in the development of many of our well-known antimicrobials have retired, leaving a knowledge gap to the generation
Summary
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the natural selection of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, which is able to resist antimicrobial substances normally active against them, is one of the greatest threats of the 21st century. While resistance to antimalarials and antivirals is already a significant issue worldwide [1,2], by far the biggest issue currently is antibacterial resistance (ABR). This is due to a number of contributing factors, including the increased number of bacterial infections we are able to diagnose, how cost-effective most antibiotics are and how extensively they are used in most areas of medicine. The cost of ABR in health systems in 2015 was USD Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) 1.5 billion per year, with an estimated increase in the 30 years of USD PPP. It is important to consider these apparent differences in the context of the different social and economic characteristics of these countries
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