Looking Back on the Evolution of Surgery During My Career as a Surgeon and Beyond the Horizon of the Present

Abstract

I would like to look back on my career as a clinical surgeon and discuss the progress of surgical technology and some of the current problems facing surgery. Surgical advancements have been supported by developments in other fields such as anesthesiology, radiology (diagnostic imaging), pharmacology and mechanical engineering. The spread of evidence-based medicine, pre and post-operative patient care improvement, and the reduction of surgical site infection and hospital-acquired infection have also contributed. These advancements added to the progress of surgical procedures and the improvement of surgical outcomes. The transition to minimal invasive surgery such as endoscopic and sentinel node navigation surgery is inevitable along with the progress of science and technology. I would also like to refer to remote-controlled and robotic operations.