Abstract
This study focused on physically dirty work: a pervasive and necessary job in society that has been insufficiently studied. Physically dirty work is characterized by physical contact with filthy and soiled matters, which may lead to negative job attitudes and outcomes. Ashforth and Kreiner (1999, 2007) argued that, in facing the threat of stigma, dirty workers form a strong group culture and use defensive strategies to protect their work-role identity. Drawing on social identity theory and social comparison literature, this study suggested a negative relationship between physically dirty workers' individual perceptions of their work dirtiness and job satisfactions, which would be weakened when the person with strong upward social comparison orientations. Previous studies (e.g, Ashforth & Kreiner, 1999; Adams, 2012) were mostly conducted at group level or occupational level, this study aimed to explore the effect of physical work dirtiness at the individual level. We found support for the hypotheses in a s...
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