Abstract
Background and Objectives: Trends of liver cancer mortality vary widely around the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the trend of liver cancer mortality in Serbia. Material and Methods: Descriptive epidemiological study design was used in this research. The age-standardized rates (ASRs, per 100,000) were calculated using the direct method, according to the World standard population. Temporal trends were assessed using the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI), according to joinpoint regression. An age-period-cohort analysis was used to evaluate the underlying factors for liver cancer mortality trends. Results: In Serbia from 1991 to 2015, over 11,000 men and nearly 8000 women died from liver cancer. The trend in liver cancer mortality significantly decreased both in men (AAPC = −1.3%; 95% CI = −1.7 to −0.9) and women (AAPC = −1.5%; 95% CI = −1.9 to −1.1). For liver cancer mortality, statistically significant cohort and period effects were observed in both genders. Conclusions: The downward trends in liver cancer mortality in Serbia are recorded during the past decades.
Highlights
Liver cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world; in 2018, liver cancer caused almost800,000 deaths for both sexes combined [1,2]
The aim of this study is to explore the temporal trend in liver cancer mortality in Serbia
There was an overall significant decreasing trend for liver cancer mortality in Serbia over the entire observed period (Figure 1)
Summary
Liver cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world; in 2018, liver cancer caused almost800,000 deaths for both sexes combined (about 8.2% of all cancer deaths globally) [1,2]. Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in males (accounting for 10.2% of the total cancer deaths in men), while among women liver cancer ranks sixth for mortality Based on GLOBOCAN estimates in 2018, liver cancer is the first leading cause of cancer death in men in 20 countries (Mongolia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Thailand in Asia, and in African countries such as Egypt, Niger, Mauritania, Senegal, Ghana, etc.), while it is the leading cause of cancer death among women in three countries Rates of liver cancer mortality are two to three times higher among men than women in most regions of the world [4,5,6]. Trends of liver cancer mortality vary widely around the world.
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