Long-term results of pulmonary valve annular enlargement with valve repair in tetralogy of Fallot.

Abstract

We adopted an operative technique of pulmonary valve (PV) annular enlargement with valve repair in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) correction to reduce postoperative pulmonary regurgitation (PR) 16 years ago. Here, we have evaluated the long-term results. Between April 2000 and August 2005, 43 patients (26 men) with tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis underwent PV annular enlargement with valve repair. The median age and body weight at the time of surgery were 14 months and 10.2 kg, respectively. There was no operative mortality. Mean postoperative PR grade at discharge was 0.93 ± 0.40 (none or trivial in 10 patients, mild in 27 patients, mild to moderate in 5 patients and moderate in 1 patient), and the mean postoperative pressure gradient across PV was 13.0 ± 10.9 mmHg. The mean follow-up duration was 131.9 ± 42.9 months. During follow-up, 1 reoperation was performed for residual ventricular septal defect. The mean PR grade at the last follow-up echocardiography was 1.59 ± 0.60 (mild in 17 patients, mild to moderate in 8 patients, moderate in 14 patients, moderate to severe in 1 patient and severe in 3 patients), and the mean pressure gradient was 22.7 ± 9.9 mmHg. We have compared the incidence of moderate or more PR with the incidence of patients who underwent simple transannular patch enlargement through propensity score matching. The PV repair group had a lower incidence of moderate or more PR compared with the simple transannular patch group (40% vs 68%, P = 0.04). PV annular enlargement with valve repair has reasonable long-term results and yields a lower long-term incidence of significant PR compared with the simple transannular patch enlargement technique.