Long-Term Results of Bulk Femoral Head Autograft in Cementless THA for Developmental Hip Dysplasia

Abstract

We evaluated the fate of bulk femoral head autograft in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) for developmental hip dysplasia. Of 87 hips (80 patients) studied, 37 hips (32 patients) were available for follow-up at a mean of 18.5 years (range, 15-24 years) postoperatively. The mean age of these 32 patients at the index procedure was 53.8 years (range, 40-65 years). The initial diagnosis was osteoarthritis in all 32 patients. The degree of acetabular dysplasia according to Crowe classification was type I in 18 hips (48.6%), type II in 14 (37.8%), type III in 5 (13.5%). The mean percentage of horizontal coverage of the acetabular components with graft bone was 34% (range, 25%-45%). Trabecular bridging across the graft-host interface was seen at a mean of 4 months (range, 2-6 months) postoperatively. Trabecular reorientation of the grafted bone was seen in all hips at a mean of 27 months (range, 12-36 months) postoperatively. There was no evidence of collapse and bony resorption of the grafted bone in the weight-bearing portion. Acetabular component fixation was stable in all hips at final follow-up. Of the 37 hips (32 patients), 2 acetabular components required revision: 1 for a late postoperative deep infection and 1 for dissociation of the polyethylene liner. The survival rate was 94.5% (95% confidence interval, 91.3-96.5) for the acetabular component at 18.5 years of follow-up. This study found that bulk femoral head autograft in cementless THA for developmental hip dysplasia produces excellent long-term results.