Long-term Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Pre-existing Coronary Artery Ectasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Coronary artery ectasia is associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction. This meta-analysis evaluates outcomes following acute myocardial infarction in patients with pre-existing coronary artery ectasia. A search strategy was designed to utilize PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Google scholar for studies including the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery ectasia from inception to February 10, 2022. We reported effect sizes as odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). We used I2 statistics to estimate the extent of unexplained statistical heterogeneity. There were 7 studies comprising 13,499 patients in the final analysis. There was no significant difference between patients with coronary ectasia and patients without coronary ectasia in terms of all-cause mortality (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.56; P = 0.79; I2 = 0%), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; OR 4.04; 95% CI 0.34 to 47.57; P = 0.17; I2 = 95%), myocardial re-infarction (OR 2.13; 95% CI 0.83 to 5.47; P = 0.08; I2 = 59%), target vessel revascularization (OR 1.31; 95% CI 0.69 to 2.48; P = 0.21; I2 = 0%), or requiring mechanical supportive devices (OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.22 to 7.83; P = 0.57; I2 = 56%). Acute myocardial infarction in the presence of coronary artery ectasia is not associated with an increased risk of death, MACE, myocardial infarction, or the need for mechanical circulatory support.