Long-term outcome analysis of two treatment methods for cleft palate: combined levator retropositioning and pharyngeal flap versus double-opposing Z-plasty.

Abstract

Two surgical techniques for repair of a cleft palate include levator retropositioning in combination with a pharyngeal flap and the Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty. This study compared morbidity and speech results from the use of these two methods in an effort to determine which was the superior technique. Patient records from 1986 to 1996 were retrospectively reviewed, and 10 patients with a cleft palate who underwent repair with a levator retropositioning and pharyngeal flap were compared to 14 patients who underwent a double-opposing Z-plasty repair. Postoperative complications including fistula formation, obstructive sleep apnea, and residual velopharyngeal insufficiency were recorded. Speech was assessed perceptually and through the use of nasometry. Both surgical techniques resulted in good speech in the majority of patients. Only two patients in the study, both in the Z-plasty group, had severe postoperative hypernasality. Two patients in the levator retropositioning and pharyngeal flap group developed severe postoperative obstructive sleep apnea, requiring additional surgery. The levator retropositioning and pharyngeal flap technique was successful in achieving good speech results, but it also caused more serious postoperative complications when compared to the double-opposing Z-plasty technique.