Abstract
The long-term effectiveness of six supplementary cementing materials (SCM) were tested according to the CSA-A23.2-14A Concrete Prism Method in the presence of two very alkali–silica reactive aggregates from Canada. Three fly ashes, two silica fumes, and one ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) were selected based on their elemental composition in order to represent a wide range of composition. The performance of SCMs in suppressing expansion due to alkali–silica reaction was compared with that obtained by a low-alkali cement. Pore solution composition of the mixtures was also determined. Results show that expansion curves flatten out after 2 years of curing. This phenomenon was due to alkali leaching from the concrete prisms and alkali binding by the alkali aggregate reaction products in the presence of the very reactive aggregates used, which was supported by very low alkali ion concentrations measured on concrete samples at the end of the experiment. A 2-year expansion limit is then suggested when using the CAN/CSA-A23.2-14A method to evaluate mixtures containing SCM. The proportion of SCM and total alkali content of the concrete are very significant factors controlling concrete expansion.
Published Version
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