Abstract
It is shown that in extremely anisotropic layered superconductors there is a long-range attraction between the sample surface and a randomly distorted vortex line parallel to the surface and to thec-axis. In the presence of strong random pinning, this long-range force attracts a distorted vortex line to the surface and may lead to flux creep towards the surface. The same interaction with the surface enhances the thermal fluctuations to depths much larger than the in-plane London penetration depth and might affect melting of the vortex lattice and evaporation of a vortex line into independent pancake vortices.
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