Abstract
Over the last few years, human microfragmented adipose tissue (MFAT), containing significant levels of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and obtained from fat lipoaspirate (LP) through a minimal manipulation in a closed system device, has been successfully used in aesthetic medicine as well as in orthopedic and general surgery. Interestingly, in orthopedic diseases, this ready-to-use adipose tissue cell derivative seems to have a prolonged time efficacy even upon a single shot injection into osteoarthritic tissues. Here, we investigated the long-term survival and content of MSCs as well the anti-inflammatory activity of LP and its derived MFAT in vitro, with the aim to better understand a possible in vivo mechanism of action. MFAT and LP specimens from 17 human donors were investigated side by side. During a long-term culture in serum-free medium, we found that the total cell number as well the MSC content in MFAT decreased more slowly if compared to those from LP specimens. The analysis of cytokines and growth factors secreted into the conditioned medium (CM) was similar in MFAT and LP during the first week of culture, but the total amount of cytokines secreted by LP decreased much more rapidly than those produced by MFAT during prolonged culture (up to 28 days). Similarly, the addition of MFAT-CM recovered at early (3-7 days) and late stage (14-28 days) of culture strongly inhibited inflammatory function of U937 monocyte cell line, whereas the anti-inflammatory activity of LP-CM was drastically reduced after only 7 days of culture. We conclude that MFAT is an effective preparation with a long-lasting anti-inflammatory activity probably mediated by a long-term survival of their MSC content that releases a combination of cytokines that affect several mechanisms involved in inflammation processes.
Highlights
Autologous use of adipose mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), or the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from liposuction of fat tissue, has slowly gained support for the treatment of a variety of pathological conditions from osteoarthritis through skin wound healing to stroke and brain injury [1]
We found that microfragmented adipose-derived fraction (MFAT) specimens, cultured under serum-free conditions, contained a significant amount of MSCs and have an impressive capacity to secrete molecules with anti-inflammatory properties whose activity lasts for weeks; vice versa, MSC content and secretome activity of LP counterpart, under the same culture conditions, decay rapidly
Specimen was processed by Lipogems® device to obtain the corresponding MFAT; LP and MFAT of each donor were characterized for protein concentration, DNA content, the total number of cells obtained after collagenase digestion, CD31+ % cells to estimate the number of endothelial cells (ECs), and the number of MSCs by evaluating the positive cell expression for CD105+, CD90+, and CD73+ [22]
Summary
Autologous use of adipose mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), or the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from liposuction of fat tissue, has slowly gained support for the treatment of a variety of pathological conditions from osteoarthritis through skin wound healing to stroke and brain injury [1]. The adipose MSC component of these SVFs has been highlighted in most detail, undergoing consideration for treatment of osteoarthritis and cartilage repair [4, 5], anti-inflammatory stroke therapy, and treatment for Parkinson’s disease [6, 7]. It has shown promise for the treatment of musculoskeletal regeneration [8] and treatment of complex anal fistula [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
