Longitudinal study on occlusal force distribution in lower distal-extension removable partial dentures with circumferential clasps.

Abstract

In this study, longitudinal changes of the occlusal force distribution ratio were examined in lower distal extension removable partial dentures with cast circumferential clasps. Occlusal force applied to the denture base and forces transmitted to the retainers were measured on several separate occasions from the insertion of new dentures to about 4 months after. Two rates of loading were chosen. One was simulated mastication (fast loading rate) and the other was 10 Ns-1 (slow loading rate). Location of the loading points were first premolar (P1), second premolar (P2) and first molar (P3) of the denture. The occlusal force distribution ratio to the retainers was calculated when a load of 20N was applied to the loading point. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The occlusal force distribution ratio at fast loading rate on P1 and P2 was changed until 1 or 1 1/2 months after the insertion of the new dentures, and then became constant. This constant value was 30% on P1, 20% on P2 and 10% on P3. (2) Slow loading rate produced a greater ratio than the fast loading rate on P2 and P3 while there were no remarkable differences in the ratio between both loading rates on P1.