Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an aerobic training program with a strength training program on body composition and energy expenditure in overweight or obese (29.06 ± 3.49 kg/m2) young adults (21.96 ± 1.90 years). Subjects (N = 109) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (CG), an aerobic training (AT) group and a strength training (ST) group. Training took place over twelve weeks comprising three sessions per week with each session lasting 60 to 90 minutes. Before and after the program, weight, height, body mass index, lean mass percentage and fat mass percentage were evaluated. In addition, The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to estimate energy expenditure. The results of both aerobic training and strength training produced statistically significant improvements in weight (AT-CG = −2.892 kg; ST-CG = −2.986 kg); BMI (AT-CG = −1.075 kg/m2; ST-CG = −1.118 kg/m2); total body fat (AT-CG = −1529.172 g; ST-CG = −763.815); and total body fat percentage (AT-CG = −1.421%; AT-ST = −0.855%). These two exercise prescription models were therefore useful in reducing overweight and obesity, which could have an impact on improving the health and quality of life of individuals with these characteristics.
Highlights
Overweight and obesity have become a serious global public health problem, to the extent that currently more than 38% (39% of men and 40% of women) of the adult population is overweight or obese[5], and the trend is for this percentage to increase in the coming years[6,7]
A decrease in weight was seen in both the aerobic training (AT) group and the strength training (ST) group, with the loss being significant compared with the control group (CG) (AT-CG = −2.892 kg; ST-CG = −2.986 kg)
body mass index (BMI) was reduced in both the AT and the ST groups, and this decrease was significant compared with the CG (AT-CG = −1.075 kg/m2; ST-CG = −1.118 kg/m2)
Summary
Overweight and obesity have become a serious global public health problem, to the extent that currently more than 38% (39% of men and 40% of women) of the adult population is overweight or obese[5], and the trend is for this percentage to increase in the coming years[6,7]. Weight gain occurs at all ages in both developed and developing countries, it is most rapid in young adults[7] This increased weight, carrying excess weight, and obesity are associated with poorer quality of life[8] and with different diseases[5,7], whereas weight loss due to physical activity leads to cognitive[9] and metabolic[10,11,12] improvements. Results are expressed in MET-minutes per week[53] Through this registry we obtain a series of values that allow us to estimate the quantity and quality of physical activity carried out and that, in our case, was controlled before and after the twelve-week training period, following the same model that has been used in other studies[54,55]
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