Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension (HT) is a prevalent contributor to cardiovascular diseases. To evaluate the incidence of HT and its relationship with other cardio metabolic risk factors changes and lifestyle components, Healthy Heart Project follow up data for 8 years were analyzed. Methods: A total of 283 unique normotensive participants of Yazd Healthy Heart Project (1169 observations) attended blood pressure longitudinal study. Multi-level model and Generalized estimation equation (GEE) model with an unstructured correlation matrix were used to analyze the longitudinal data by Stata/MP 11.2. Results: The incidence rates of HT and prehypertension were 39.5 and 77.93 in each 1000 person-year followup, respectively. In addition, systolic blood pressure was significantly predicted by diastolic blood pressure (B=1.09, 95% CI=0.99-1.19, P<0.0001), uric acid (B=1.04, P=0.003), and waist circumference (B=0.131, P=0.033). Moreover, GEE model with logit link function showed that hypertension was significantly predicted by triglyceride (OR=1.003, P=0.044), cholesterol (OR=0.97, P=0.004), LDL-cholesterol (OR=1.02, P=0.003), uric acid (OR=1.19, P=0.023), body mass index (OR=1.09, P=0.028), and also significantly predicted by obesity (B=1.85, P=0.007), abdominal obesity (B=1.85, P=0.007), age (B=1.47, P=0.017), and diabetes mellitus (B=2.14, P=0.003). Conclusion: The study results showed that the incidence rate of HT was high in Yazd and the major predictors of systolic blood pressure were abdominal obesity and diastolic blood pressure. Besides, diastolic blood pressure was significantly determined by systolic blood pressure and general obesity. Moreover, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were independently predicted by serum uric acid level.
Highlights
Hypertension (HT) is a prevalent contributor to cardiovascular diseases
Medical Research Council (MRC) trial showed that 12-15% of the patients with diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mmHg developed HT within 3-5 years [4,5]
The analysis of the data as a longitudinal study and the cluster data by Generalized estimation equation (GEE) model showed that diastolic blood pressure (B=1.09, 95%CI=0.99-1.19, P
Summary
Hypertension (HT) is a prevalent contributor to cardiovascular diseases. To evaluate the incidence of HT and its relationship with other cardio metabolic risk factors changes and lifestyle components, Healthy Heart Project follow up data for 8 years were analyzed. Hypertension is a prevalent contributor to cardiovascular diseases. It is a major public health problem affecting 1 billion individuals worldwide [1,2,3]. The age- and sexadjusted incidence rate of HT varies in different populations. It has been reported as 12.75 per 1000 person-years adults in Chinese population and 25.5 per 1000 person-years among Canadians. Researchers have predicted a 24% increase in the prevalence of hypertension in developed countries from 2000-2025 [6,7]
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