Abstract
The mechanism of the longitudinal stability of ionization formations of technogenic origin, which are associated with accidental emissions of radiation hazardous enterprises, is examined. It is shown that the mechanism of stability is based on the polarization of clouds accompanying separation of charged water drops, carrying charges of opposite sign, in the clouds under the action of gravity. Calculations of the longitudinal and transverse distribution of heavy ions (charged water drops) and their difference, performed in a cylindrical geometry, agree satisfactorily with independently obtained experimental data. Calculations of the reflection coefficient of electromagnetic waves reflected from an ionized air layer are performed. Satisfactory agreement between calculations and the experimental data is obtained for the dependence of the modulus of the reflection coefficient on the wavelength in the centimeter range. The optimal wavelength range where the modulus of the reflection coefficient increases rapidly is found. 11 figures, 2 tables, 18 references.
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