Abstract

A cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) in a child recurred first with a PA histology and then with features of a ganglioglioma (GG). Molecular genetic analyses of the tumors confirmed a BRAF V600E mutation in all. They also all harbored a T202M mutation in ERK1, a kinase downstream of BRAF that is implicated in glial versus neuronal differentiation. The GG sample contained several variants that were not present in the PA samples; in particular, it had a truncating mutation in MAP2. These findings not only underscore the role of BRAF as oncogenic driver but also suggest that other genes may influence tumor morphology.

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